Why should gastric lavage be avoided in cases of caustic substance ingestion?

• A. It may cause vomiting
• B. It leads to faster absorption of toxins
• C. It can cause risk of perforation and worsening of injury
• D. It is ineffective in treating any toxic exposure

Answer: (C)

Gastric lavage should be avoided in cases of caustic substance ingestion primarily because it can lead to a risk of perforation and further injury to the gastrointestinal tract. When a caustic substance is ingested, it can cause severe burns and damage to the mucosal lining of the esophagus and stomach. Performing gastric lavage in such situations can exacerbate the existing damage, as the mechanical irritation and the introduction of fluids may promote perforation or enhance the corrosive effects of the substance.

Additionally, if the substance is still actively damaging the tissues, flushing it with water or saline during lavage could potentially increase the risk of harm rather than mitigate the effects. This underscores the importance of understanding the nature of the ingested substance and the potential for further injury when considering interventions like gastric lavage in acute toxic exposures.